Tang Youchi, Yu Yabin, Li Hongtian, Wang Sizhe, Zhou Yubo
Chinese Journal of Reproductive Health. 2025, 36(2): 115-120.
Objective To investigate the trend and distribution of obesity status in preschool children in Chaoyang District, Beijing, and to provide a scientific basis for children′s development and health management. Methods The data is the physical examination records of 3~6 years old preschool children from 2010 to 2019 managed by kindergartens in Chaoyang District, Beijing from 2010 to 2019. The standard deviation scoring method was used to define obesity, as weight-for-height was more than or equal to the median plus 2 standard deviations. The Cochran-Armitage test was used to analyze the temporal trend of obesity prevalence of preschool children. The χ2 test was used to compare the differences in the obesity prevalence by characteristics of preschool children and kindergartens. Results The prevalence of obesity among preschool children in Chaoyang District, Beijing, showed a decreasing trend from 2010 to 2019, with obesity prevalence of 4.5%, 4.2%, 4.3%, 4.7%, 4.6%, 4.3%, 4.1%, 3.8%, 3.4% and 3.4%, respectively(P<0.001). The obesity prevalence showed an increasing trend with age, with the prevalence of 3.0%, 3.5%, 4.7%, and 5.9% for children aged 3 to < 4, 4 to <5, 5 to <6, and 6 to <7 years old, respectively(P<0.001). The obesity prevalence was higher in children of local household registration(4.3%) than those of floating household registration(3.7%)(P<0.001). Stratified analyses by characteristics of kindergartens showed that the obesity prevalence in preschool children was higher in urban kindergartens than in rural kindergartens(4.3% vs. 3.8%, P<0.05), higher in kindergartens with grade 3(3.9%), grade 2(4.7%) and grade 1(4.4%) than that without grade(3.5%)(P<0.05), higher in kindergartens that regularly conducted and passed health care evaluations(4.3%) than those that did not regularly conduct health care evaluation assessments(2.8%)(P<0.05), and higher in public kindergartens than private kindergartens(4.8% vs. 3.5%, P<0.05). Conclusion The obesity prevalence of preschool children decreased from 2010 to 2019 in Chaoyang District, Beijing. Results from stratified analyses indicated that health care education should be strengthened in children with local resident and older age, and in kindergartens in rural and township region, with low grade, without regular evaluation, or private kindergartens to improve their health care management in children.