11 September 2025, Volume 36 Issue 5

    

• Select all
  |

• Select
  CONTENTS

  Chinese Journal of Reproductive Health. 2025, 36(5): 0-0.

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
• Select
  Analysis of pregnancy stress status and related factors in the first trimester of pregnancy among low-risk pregnant women

  LI Dantong, SHI Huifeng, WEI Yuan, WANG Ying, JIANG Yuanhui, YUAN Pengbo, CHEN Lian, GUO Xiaoyue, WANG Xuejv, MA Shang, XIA Yuwen, DANG Binfei, LI Mengshi, WANG Xiaoli

  Chinese Journal of Reproductive Health. 2025, 36(5): 401-406.

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML ( )   Knowledge map   Save

  Objective To investigate the pregnancy stress status of low-risk pregnant women in early pregnancy and explore its related factors. Methods In this study, we enrolled 416 pregnant women, aged 19-45 years, with gestational age <14 weeks, who attended the obstetrics outpatient clinic of Peking University Third Hospital during April 2022-December 2023 and were evaluated to be in the low-risk category by their doctors. The Pregnancy Stress Rating Scale(PSRS) was used to assess the pregnancy stress status of the pregnant women. The socio-demographic information, basic health condition and pregnancy status of the pregnant women were extracted from a self-administered questionnaire and medical records. Results The quartile distribution of total pregnancy stress in early pregnancy among low-risk pregnant women was 36.0(20.0, 57.0), and the dimension with the highest mean scores being "pressure to seek maternal and child safety services"; the number of births and a history of adverse maternal outcomes were influencing factors of the pregnancy stress status in early pregnancy. Conclusion Low-risk pregnant women have mild pregnancy stress in early period. Maternal adverse maternal history and number of deliveries were associated with maternal stress.
• Select
  Association betweenimportant life behaviors and living conditions with hair concentration of phthalates among pregnant women with gestational hypertension

  LIU Xiaowen, YANG Zeping, REN Mengyuan, JIA Xiaoqian, CHEN Junxi, GAO Suhong, LIU Xiaohong, ZHANG Le, YE Rongwei, LI Zhiwen, LI Nan

  Chinese Journal of Reproductive Health. 2025, 36(5): 407-412.

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML ( )   Knowledge map   Save

  Objective To describe phthalate(PAEs) concentrations in hair samples and explore the association between life behaviors and living conditions with hair concentrations of PAEs among participants with gestational hypertension(GH) in Beijing, China. Methods This study was based on the pregnancy cohort established by Beijing Haidian District Maternal and Child Health Hospital and the Institute of Reproductive and Child Health at Peking University. 2,731 pregnant women were recruited and completed follow-up from October 2017 to October 2018. According to the specific inclusion and exclusion standardization, a total of 206 GH women were included as participants in this study. We collected hair samples and baseline data on general characteristics, life behaviors and living conditions through questionnaires; we obtained follow-up data through the hospital's electronic medical record system. 12 components of PAEs in hair samples were detected by gas chromatography-coupled triple quadrupole mass spectrometry(GC-MS/MS). The median and quartiles were applied to characterize the distribution of PAEs concentrations, and logistic regression model was applied to explore the association between life behaviors and living conditions with PAEs levels. Results The detection rates of 12 PAEs in hair samples were more than 70%. The highest hair concentration was found in bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate(DEHP), with a median hair concentration of 7 770.2 ng/g. Cooking in the kitchen more than once a week in the last month was significantly associated with a higher level of diallyl phthalate(DAP) in hair among GH women(adjusted OR=2.52, 95%CI:1.17-5.44); not using cosmetics was significantly associated with a lower level of bis(2-methoxyethyl)phthalate(DMEP) in hair(adjusted OR=0.28, 95%CI:0.09-0.87); and home decoration in the last 1 year was significantly associated with a higher level of DMEP in hair(OR=3.09, 95%CI:1.24-7.68). Conclusion PAEs were commonly detected in the hair of GH women in Beijing, of which DEHP showed the highest concentration of 12 components. We found significant associations between various life behaviors and living conditions and specific PAEs exposures. Cooking in the kitchen and home decoration might be risk factors for exposure to DAP and DMEP, respectively. Not using cosmetics might be a protective factor to reduce exposure to DMEP.
• Select
  The impact of worries about infection to protective behavior and mental health among pregnant and postpartum women

  ZHANG Yandi, WANG Fang, XU Xinfen, ZHANG Ning

  Chinese Journal of Reproductive Health. 2025, 36(5): 413-417.

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML ( )   Knowledge map   Save

  Objective To explore the impact of worries about infection on pregnant and postpartum women's mental health and protective behaviors after releasing the Covid-19 pandemic control measures in China. Methods A total of 206 pregnant and postpartum women across the country were invited to complete the survey including Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale(GAD-7), and Positive and Negative Affect Scale(PANAS). Results Worries about infection was positively correlated with uncertainty(r=0.452, P<0.01) and participation in protective behaviors(r=0.288, P<0.01), and was positively correlated with anxiety(r=0.383, P<0.01) and depression(r=0.179, P<0.01). Negative affect was positively correlated with anxiety(r=0.594, P<0.01) and depression(r=0.565, P<0.01). Uncertainty moderated the effect of worries about infection on protective behaviors. Negative affect partially mediated the impact of worries about infection on anxiety [0.504, 1.273], and depression [0.577, 1.394]. Conclusion Worries about infection predicted the participation of pregnant and postpartum women in protective behaviors, and this predictive effect was moderated by uncertainty. Worries about infection predicted anxiety and depression in pregnant and postpartum women by influencing negative affect.
• Select
  Analysis of blood lipidconcentration and related factors in newborns

  HUANG Qionghui, LIU Jie, YAN Lihuang, QIN Jiong

  Chinese Journal of Reproductive Health. 2025, 36(5): 418-424.

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML ( )   Knowledge map   Save

  Objective To compare the blood lipid concentrations between full-term newborns and late preterm newborns, and to explore related influencing factors. Methods A retrospective case-control study was conducted among pregnant women who underwent prenatal check ups and gave birth at Peking University People's Hospital from January to December 2020, as well as newborns admitted to the pediatric department. The study participants were divided into two groups based on the gestational age at delivery:full-term delivery group(gestational age ≥ 37 weeks) and late preterm delivery group(34 weeks ≤ gestational age<37 weeks). Newborns were also categorized into two groups based on their birth gestational age:full-term newborns(gestational age ≥ 37) and late preterm newborns(34 weeks ≤ gestation age<37). General basic characteristics information and lipid profiles of newborns and pregnant mothers were collected. Spearman rank correlation analysis and logistic regression models were used to analyze the correlation between maternal lipid concentrations and preterm delivery. Results 99 cases were included in the full-term newborn group, and 92 cases were included in the late preterm newborn group. The rate of cesarean section, the proportion of mothers with comorbid hyperuricemia and diabetes in the late preterm newborn group were higher than those in the full-term newborn group. After birth, serum total cholesterol(TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) concentrations in the late preterm newborn group were higher than those in the full-term newborn group, while triglyceride(TG) concentrations were lower. Maternal TC and LDL-C in the early and late stages of pregnancy, as well as TC, TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C in the late stage of pregnancy in the late preterm newborn group, were lower than those in the full-term newborn group. Overall, newborn TG was positively correlated with gestational age and birth weight, while TC, HDL-C, and LDL-C were negatively correlated with gestational age and weight. Newborn TC was positively correlated with maternal TC in early pregnancy, newborn TG was positively correlated with maternal TG in late pregnancy, and newborn HDL was positively correlated with maternal HDL-C in each stage of pregnancy. No correlation was found between newborn LDL-C and maternal LDL-C during pregnancy. For mothers, a total of 185 cases were included in the late preterm delivery group and 2 330 cases in the full-term delivery group. With the changes in maternal mid-pregnancy TC, LDL-C, and late-pregnancy TC, TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C concentrations, there was a correlation with late preterm delivery. Conclusion There is a correlation between the blood lipid levels of newborns and their gestational age, birth weight, and maternal blood lipid levels. Abnormal blood lipids during pregnancy are associated with the risk of premature birth in pregnant women. Accurate management of maternal and neonatal blood lipid levels is of great significance for the short-term and long-term health of the mother and offspring.
• Select
  Comparison of pregnancy and perinatal outcomes between low-grade embryos on day 5 and high-grade embryos on day 6 in FET cycle

  JI Yue, YE Xiaoping, CHEN Ruixin WANG Shanshan

  Chinese Journal of Reproductive Health. 2025, 36(5): 425-429.

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML ( )   Knowledge map   Save

  Objective To investigate the effect of transfer of low-grade single blastocyst transfer on Day 5 and high-grade single blastocyst on Day 6 on clinical pregnancy and perinatal outcomes in the freeze-thaw embryo transfer(FET) cycle. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted among patients who underwent single blastocyst transplantation during the FET cycle(n=1991) at the Reproductive Medicine Department of Gulou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University School of Medicine from January 1, 2017 to June 30, 2022. Two groups are divided according to the embryo transfer period, low-grade single blastocyst transplantation group(Day 5, n=1083) and high-grade single blastocyst transplantation group(Day 6, n=908). The rate of clinical pregnancy, miscarriage, live birth, preterm birth, sex ratio and birth weight were compared, and subgroup analysis by age was conducted. Results There were no statistically significant differences in the clinical pregnancy rate(49.0% vs. 51.1%, P>0.05), miscarriage rate(20.3% vs. 24.4%, P>0.05), live birth rate(39.1% vs. 38.7%, P>0.05), preterm birth rate(10.6% vs. 14.5%, P>0.05), and birth weight(3381.1 ± 505.6 vs. 3502.1 ± 1845.0, P >0.05) between the low-grade single blastocyst transplantation group(Day 5) and high-grade single blastocyst transplantation group(Day 6), There was a statistical difference in the sex ratio of newborns(1.1 vs. 1.5, P<0.05), with a significantly higher proportion of male newborns born in the high-grade single blastocyst transplantation group(Day 6) compared to the low-grade single blastocyst transplantation group(Day 5). Meanwhile, after age stratification, it was found that for patients under 35 years old, the abortion rate in the low-grade single blastocyst transplantation group(Day 5) was significantly lower than that in the high-grade single blastocyst transplantation group(Day 6)(18.5% vs. 24.7%, P<0.05), and there was no statistically significant difference in the rate of clinical pregnancy and live birth. For patients aged ≥ 35 years old, there was no statistically significant difference in the rate of clinical pregnancy, abortion, and live birth between the two groups. Conclusion There is no statistically significant difference in clinical outcomes between the low-grade single blastocyst transplantation(Day 5) and high-grade single blastocyst transplantation(Day 6) in the FET cycle. However, high-grade single blastocyst transplantation in Day 6 may pose a risk of sex imbalance in newborns, and for younger patients, transplanting blastocysts in Day 6 may lead to an increase in miscarriage rates.
• Select
  Effects of gestational diabetes mellitus on social behavior in rats

  SHI Hanxu, YE Wanyun, ZHOU Yalin, WEN Zhang, PENG Yile, XU Yajun

  Chinese Journal of Reproductive Health. 2025, 36(5): 430-437.

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML ( )   Knowledge map   Save

  Objective To investigate the impact of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) on social behavior in rat offspring. Methods Female Sprague-Dawley rats at 4 weeks of age were randomly divided into a control group(CON) and a gestational diabetes group(GDM) based on body weight. The GDM group was induced with a high-fat diet(HFD) and a low-dose injection of streptozotocin(STZ, 30 mg/kg·bw) to establish the disease model. After natural delivery, the offspring were subjected to open field test(OFT), elevated plus maze test(EPM), novel object recognition test(NOR), and three-chamber social test(3-CST) at three time points:postnatal day 21(PND 21, weaning), PND 56(sexual maturation), and PND 98(adulthood) to evaluate their social behavior. The concentrations of interleukin-1β(IL-1β), IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 in offspring hippocampal tissues were measured at each time point. Results Compared to the CON group, female offspring in the GDM group showed a significant decrease in spontaneous activity scores in the OFT at PND 98(P<0.05). Male offspring in the GDM group exhibited a significant decrease in the percentage of time spent in the open arms in the EPM at PND 98(P<0.05). In the NOR, female offspring in the GDM group showed a significant decrease in the novelty preference index at PND 21(P<0.05). In the 3-CST, female offspring in the GDM group had a significant decrease in the social preference index at PND 21, and male offspring in the GDM group had a significant decrease in the social preference index at PND 98(P<0.05). The social novelty preference index was also significantly decreased in both male and female offspring in the GDM group at PND 98(P<0.05). In the hippocampus, compared to the CON group, among female offspring in the GDM group, the relative expression of p-ERK and p-CREB increased significantly while the relative expression of BDNF protein decreased significantly at PND 21(P<0.05), and the relative expression of p-TrkB decreased significantly at PND 56(P<0.05), and the relative expression of p-ERK and BDNF decreased significantly at PND 98(P<0.05). Compared to the CON group, among male offspring in the GDM group, the relative expression of p-ERK increased significantly while the relative expression of p-CREB decreased significantly at PND 21(P<0.05), the relative expression of p-TrkB decreased significantly at PND 56(P<0.05), and the relative expression of p-ERK decreased significantly at PND 98(P<0.05). Compared to the CON group, female offspring in the GDM group showed a significant decrease on the concentration of hippocampal IL-1β, IL-4 and IL-6 at PND 21(P<0.05), and their hippocampal IL-6 concentration had significantly increased at PND 56(P<0.05), and the IL-4 concentration decreased significantly, while the IL-10 concentration increased significantly at PND 98(P<0.05). Male offspring in the GDM group showed a significant decrease on the concentration of hippocampal IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 at PND 21(P<0.05), and a significant increase on concentration of hippocampal IL-1β and IL-10 at PND 56(P<0.05), and their IL-4 concentration decreased significantly, while the IL-6 concentration increased significantly at PND 98(P<0.05). Conclusion The social behavior of GDM offspring does not show significant changes in early life but exhibits noticeable social impairments in adulthood, without significant gender specificity.