Objective To analyze the temporal and geographic trends of maternal and paternal ages at delivery in China from 2016 to 2020. Methods Using nationwide birth and delivery information from 2016 to 2020, we analyzed maternal and paternal ages. A total of 66,341,749 maternal age records and 65,984,835 paternal age records were analyzed. Mann-Kendall and trend chi-square tests were employed to analyze linear temporal trends, while segmented linear models analyzed nonlinear trends. Results The average maternal age from 2016 to 2020 was (28.8 ± 5.1) years, and the average paternal age was (30.6 ± 5.5) years. The proportions of advanced maternal (≥35.0 years) and paternal ages (≥40.0 years) were 12.1% and 6.1%, respectively. Maternal age increased from 28.3 years in 2016 to 29.2 years in 2020, while paternal age increased from 30.3 years to 31.0 years. Both maternal and paternal ages exhibited a non-monotonic upward trend, characterized by a rapid increase from 2016 to 2017, a slight decline from 2017 to 2018, and a slower upward trend post-2018 compared to 2016-2017. In 2020, the provinces with an average maternal age exceeding 30.0 years were Beijing, Shanghai, Inner Mongolia, Shandong, Tianjin, and Liaoning. The provinces with an average maternal age below 28.0 years were Yunnan, Qinghai and Guizhou. In 2020, the top five provinces by average paternal age were Beijing, Shanghai, Liaoning, Guangxi and Inner Mongolia. The provinces with an average paternal age below 30.0 years were Guizhou, Xinjiang, Gansu and Tibet. Conclusion During 2016-2020, the average ages of both mothers and fathers in China significantly increased, reaching 29.2 years and 31.0 years, respectively; the ages were markedly varied across provinces, with higher ages in several developed provinces. Given the lower fertility rates and declining birth numbers, it is of significance to promote education and awareness at multiple levels and through various channels to reshape societal norms regarding marriage and childbirth. Encouraging timely marriage and childbirth and avoiding the risks associated with advanced parental age can facilitate long-term balanced population development.

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of depressive symptoms among left-behind children's caregivers in some rural areas of China. Methods Multi-stage stratified sampling was used to obtain survey villages. In the survey villages, the self-designed questionnaire was used to collect information on left-behind children under the age of 3 and their primary caregivers, and Zung's Self-rating Depression Scale (ZSDS) was used to assess the depressive symptoms of the caregivers. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of depressive symptoms and moderate-severe depressive symptoms among left-behind children's caregivers. Results The prevalence of depressive symptoms among left-behind children's caregivers was 41.4% (372/899). The Depression Severity Index (DSI) was lower among left-behind children's mothers who maintained daily contact with their absent husbands and left-behind children's grandparents who had no disagreement with their absent children about parenting. Caregivers of left-behind girls were at lower risk of depressive symptoms (OR=0.74, 95% CI:0.56-0.98); olderage (OR=1.80, 95%CI:1.15-2.80; OR=1.75, 95%CI:1.06-2.88), having three or more negative physical factors (OR=2.93, 95%CI:1.66-5.19; OR=1.89, 95%CI:1.04-3.44), lower household economic status (OR=1.41, 95%CI:1.05-1.90; OR=1.82, 95%CI:1.24-2.66) and alcohol abuse by family members (OR=3.12, 95%CI:1.82-5.33; OR=1.82, 95%CI:1.03-3.21) increased the risk of depressive symptoms among left-behind children's caregivers. Conclusion The prevalence of depressive symptoms among left-behind children's caregivers was high in survey areas. Older age, poorer physical condition, and poorer family environment were risk factors for depressive symptoms among left-behind children's caregivers which also associated with communication status with migrant family members.

Objective To retrospectively investigate the efficacy and safety of different treatment modalities for suspected oligohydramnios in full-term(39-40+6 weeks) pregnancies. Methods A total of 160 pregnant women with suspected oligohydramnios, admitted to the Department of Obstetrics at Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2019 to December 2020, were included as study participants. Based on the treatment methods, the pregnant women were categorized into two groups:expectant management group(n=78) and termination pregnancy group(n=82). The expectant management group had a mean age of 30.0±2.9 years and a mean gestational age of 40.0±1.2 weeks, while the termination pregnancy group had a mean age of 30.8±2.7 years and a mean gestational age of 39.1±1.2 weeks. The pregnancy outcomes and neonatal conditions of the two groups with different treatment methods were compared. Results The gestational age of expectant management group was significantly longer than that of termination pregnancy group, and there was no significant difference in the cesarean section rate between the two groups. The rate of fetal distress, amniotic fluid meconium contamination and chorioamnionitis in expectant management group were significantly higher than those in termination pregnancy group (P<0.05). The rate of neonatal transfer to the pediatric department in expectant management group was significantly higher than that in termination pregnancy group(P<0.05). The incidence of neonatal asphyxia in this study was 3.1%. There was no significant difference in neonatal weight, neonatal asphyxia, umbilical artery pH<7 and neonatal Apgar score<7 in 1 minute between the two groups. Conclusion For suspicious oligohydramnios pregnancies with gestational age is greater than 39 weeks and without contraindication for vaginal delivery, active labor induction after cervical ripening can be considered.

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of Yes associated protein(YAP) in endometrial carcinoma. Methods A total of 56 patients with endometrioid adenocarcinoma who underwent comprehensive staging surgery in the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from September 2018 to December 2019 were collected. The ages ranged 43-69 years old(median age, 54 years). None of them received radiotherapy or chemotherapy before surgery and were not complicated with other systemic tumors. Immunohistochemistry(IHC) was performed on paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of corresponding cases in the pathological tissue bank to detect the expression of YAP, and the numbers of cases with high and low expression were calculated, respectively. The expression of YAP in endometrial adenocarcinoma tissue and normal adjacent tissue was compared. The relationship between its expression and various clinicopathological parameters was compared using immunohistochemistry, and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 to explore the relationship between YAP expression and various clinicopathological features. Results YAP was mainly expressed in the nucleus and cytoplasm, and its expression in cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues, which was correlated with histological grade, surgical pathological staging, and depth of muscle infiltration(P<0.05). Conclusion YAP is associated with the occurrence and development of endometrial adenocarcinoma and may serve as a new target for clinical treatment.

Objective To understand the epidemiological trends and characteristics of condyloma acuminatum in Shaanxi Province from 2005 to 2020, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies. Methods There are 39,535 cases of condyloma acuminatum reported in Shaanxi Province from 2005 to 2020 from the China Disease Surveillance Information Reporting and Management System. Population data were extracted from the Shaanxi Provincial Bureau of Statistics. An Excel database was established and SPSS 26.0 software was utilized for statistical analysis. Descriptive epidemiological methods were applied to describe the distribution of the data, and chi-square test was used for trend analysis, with P<0.05 considered statistically significant. Results There were 39,535 cases of condyloma acuminatum reported in Shaanxi Province from 2005 to 2020. The highest number of cases occurred in 2011 (3,404 cases) and the reported incidence rate of 9.04/100 000. Cases were reported every month, with the fewest in February (2,507 cases,6.3%), and the most in March (3,790 cases, 9.6%). The infection cases of condyloma acuminatum were mainly male (22,487 cases, 56.9%). Cases were reported in all age groups, with the highest number in males aged 25-29(4,763 cases, 21.19% of total male cases, 2.13/100,000). Females aged 20-24 reported the highest number of cases. The majority of cases occurred among farmers (12,016 cases, 30.4%), followed by homemakers/unemployed (24.5%) and workers (12.1%). Most cases were reported by married individuals (14,674 cases, 66%) and those with a middle school education level (8,902 cases, 22.5%). Conclusion The incidence of condyloma acuminatum in Shaanxi Province is relatively low, with a higher prevalence among young people. Targeted prevention and control strategies should be promptly formulated in time to control the epidemic.

Objective The Postpartum Depression Literacy Scale(PoDLiS) was translated into Chinese, and its cultural adjustment, reliability and validity were tested. Methods The original scale was translated by the methods of forward translation, synthesis, back translation and expert committee review.The cultural adaptation and content validity of the scale were assessed through cognitive interview and expert review. A convenience sample of 284 pregnant and postpartum women from a tertiary hospital in Beijing from August to November 2022 were surveyed to assess the scale's reliability and validity. A subset of 30 pregnant and postpartum women completed a test-retest reliability assessment of the Chinese version of the PoDLiS scale two weeks later. Results The Chinese version of PoDLiS consists of 5 dimensions(total 25 items), including the Ability to recognize postpartum depression(6 items) , knowledge of risk factors and causes(4 items), knowledge and beliefs of self-care activities and professional help available(6 items), attitudes which facilitate recognition of postpartum depression and appropriate help-seeking(4 items), knowledge of how to seek information related to postpartum depression(5 items). The content validity index for the 5 dimensions ranged from 0.78 to 1.00, with an average content validity index of 0.913. The scale demonstrated a Cronbach's α coefficient of 0.925, with Cronbach's α coefficients for the 5 dimensions ranging from 0.829 to 0.960. The test-retest reliability coefficient was 0.997, with test-retest reliability coefficients for the 5 dimensions ranging from 0.968 to 0.996. Conclusion The Chinese version of the Postpartum Depression Literacy Scale demonstrates good reliability and validity among pregnant and postpartum women, providing a basis for health education and nursing interventions in clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the sleep and depression status of parents in Beijing, and to explore their relationship with sleep problems of children aged 0-35 months. Methods Based on the sleep survey project of Maternal and Child Health Center of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the three-stage stratified random sampling survey method was adopted to select 2 districts in Beijing with medium level economic development:Dongcheng District and Daxing District, 2 streets or towns were randomly selected in each district, where children born by permanent residents were randomly selected by drawing lots according to the age group of 0-35 months. A total of 1 344 questionnaires were distributed from June to July 2021, and 1 287 parents were selected for analysis children's sleep status, parents' sleep quality and depressive mood which were evaluated by using the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, respectively. Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to analyze the association between poor sleep and depression of parents and children's sleep problems. Results The rates of poor sleep and depression in parents were 15.8% and 7.3%, respectively. A total of 94.9% of children slept with their parents, and 93.7% needed to be comforted to fall asleep. Rates of difficulty falling asleep, insufficient sleep duration, poor sleep quality and having sleep difficulties were 34.0%, 11.7% 19.9% and 50.0%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that children with parents with poor sleep had higher rates of difficulty falling asleep, insufficient sleep duration and sleep difficulties, and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05). The proportion of children whose parents had depression had higher proportions of sleep difficulties than that of children whose parents had no depression(P<0.05). Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that parents' poor sleep(OR=2.23, 95%CI:1.60~3.11) and depression(OR = 1.76, 95%CI:1.10~2.84) were risk factors for children's sleep difficulties. Conclusion Poor sleep and depression of parents are related to children's sleep problems. Children sleep counseling and intervention should pay attention to the sleep and emotional state of parents.