中国妇科门诊女性下尿路症状流行病学调查研究

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摘要目的通过对国内在妇科门诊就诊患者抽样调查,进行流行病学调查研究,获得不同类型下尿路症状(LUTS)患病率,了解妇科门诊患者不同类型LUTS构成比特征。方法于2011年6月至2012年3月对国内7大区域(华东、华南、西南、华北、东北、西北、华中地区)10家不同类型的医院妇科门诊就诊的4 450例18周岁及以上的女性患者进行横断面调查研究,对个体调查对象的一般情况(人口学资料、疾病相关因素等)进行普通问卷调查,对于有LUTS(分为储尿期症状和排尿期症状)的患者,追加调查国际尿失禁咨询委员会问卷之女性下尿路症状模块长型(ICIQ-FLUTS Long Form 08/04)问卷,分析不同年龄组、城乡地区、不同民族、不同教育程度及妇科相关疾病并发LUTS患病率情况。结果本次研究共发放调查问卷4 450份,回收4 450份,回收率100%。其中获得有效问卷4 448份,有效率99.96%。妇科门诊患者LUTS患病率为55.5%,且随着年龄的增长呈上升趋势(P<0.001)。储尿期症状中,最常见夜尿,在70岁以上年龄段患病率最高,为72.0%;排尿期症状中,最常见不能完全排空膀胱,在70岁以上年龄段患病率最高,为40.0%。城市LUTS患病率均高于农村,并随着年龄的增长而上升(P<0.001)。汉族、低学历LUTS患病率高于少数民族、高学历LUTS患病率。妇科门诊患者LUTS构成比特征与国内外女性一般人群LUTS构成比特征报道基本一致,储尿期症状占一半以上,为59.5%。LUTS是妇科疾病常见的并发症状,妇科相关疾病并发LUTS患病率高达62.8%。结论国内妇科门诊患者 LUTS患病率很高,严重影响妇科门诊患者的身心健康及生活质量,应引起妇产科医师的足够重视。

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关键词 ：下尿路症状, 储尿期症状, 排尿期症状, 流行病学

Abstract：Objective To investigate the prevalence of LUTS (lower urinary tract symptoms) in different types of gynecological outpatients and to understand the composition of LUTS in different types of gynecological outpatients. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 4450 female patients aged 18 years and over in 10 different types of hospitals in 7 regions (East, South, southwest, North, Northeast, Northwest and Central) in China from June 2011 to March 2012. The general information (demographic data, disease-related factors, etc.) of the individual subjects were investigated with a common questionnaire. For patients with lower urinary tract symptoms, the female urinary tract symptom module long type questionnaire(ICIQ-FLUTS Long Form 08/04)of the International Urinary Incontinence Advisory Committee was investigated. Prevalence of LUTS by age groups, residence, ethnicity, education and gynecological related diseases were analyzed. Results 4 450 questionnaires were distributed and 4 450 were returned, with a recovery rate of 100%. Among them, 4448 valid questionnaires were obtained, with an effective rate of 99.96%. The prevalence of LUTS in gynecological outpatients was 55.5% and increased with age (P<0.001). The most common nocturia was in the stage of urinary storage, with the highest prevalence rate of 72.0% in the age group over 70 years old; the most common failure to completely empty the bladder in the stage of micturition, with the highest prevalence rate of 40.0% in the age group over 70 years old. The prevalence of LUTS in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas, and increased with age (P<0.001). The prevalence of LUTS in Han nationality and low education background is higher than that in minority nationality and high education background. The characteristics of LUTS in gynecological outpatients are basically the same as those reported in the general female population at home and abroad. The symptoms of urinary storage period account for more than half of the total, 59.5%. LUTS is a common complication of gynecological diseases. The prevalence of LUTS is 62.8%. Conclusion The prevalence of LUTS is very high in gynecological outpatients in China, which may seriously affect the physical and mental health and quality of life of gynecological outpatients, and should be paid enough attention by gynaecologists.

Key words： lower urinary tract symptoms urinary storage symptoms voiding symptoms epidemiology

收稿日期: 2018-11-26

基金资助:首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院管理专项课题(FCYYGL201805);中华预防医学会“中国妇女盆底功能障碍防治”专项资金支持项目(0102)

通讯作者: 马乐(malef163bj@qq.com)

引用本文:

王雪影, 吴意光, 马乐. 中国妇科门诊女性下尿路症状流行病学调查研究[J]. 中国生育健康杂志, 2020, 31(2): 112-118.
WANG Xueying, WU Yiguang, MA Le. An epidemiological study of lower urinary tract symptoms among Chinese women in gynecological clinic. Chinese Journal of Reproductive Health, 2020, 31(2): 112-118.

链接本文:

http://cjrh.bjmu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://cjrh.bjmu.edu.cn/CN/Y2020/V31/I2/112

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