宁夏妇幼保健机构卫生资源配置均衡性研究

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摘要目的研究宁夏2011—2019年妇幼保健机构卫生资源配置的状况、空间分布特征及其影响因素,为合理均衡配置宁夏妇幼保健机构卫生资源提供依据。方法本研究基于2012—2020年《宁夏统计年鉴》、《宁夏卫生统计年鉴》,选择2019—2020年宁夏保健机构床位数、卫生技术人员数,采用卫生资源集聚度指数评价宁夏妇幼保健机构卫生资源配置的公平性;采用基于加权空间可达性模型测算居民点到妇幼保健机构的空间可达性;最后采用空间相关性分析来探究空间区域的妇幼保健机构卫生资源空间集聚情况并寻找其空间分布影响因素。结果宁夏妇幼保健机构卫生资源总量及妇幼资源的 HRAD 值均呈增长趋势,但其空间配置公平性差异明显,银川市兴庆区最优,中卫市中宁县、海原县最差;各居民点与妇幼保健机构的空间可达性差异明显(92.05～345.07),呈现北高南低的特点;2019年宁夏妇幼保健机构主要资源配置具有全局空间自相关性,银川市兴庆区、西夏区存在高高集聚,其他地区均未有显著集聚现象;影响因素中人均GDP、总诊疗人次、实有床位有统计学意义,其他变量均无统计学意义。结论宁夏妇幼保健机构卫生资源总量稳步增加;其卫生资源配置存在明显的空间集聚性,但空间上的均衡性较低。提示卫生行政部门在充分考虑地区人口和经济因素的基础上进一步考虑区位因素,提高妇幼保健机构卫生资源配置的公平性和合理性。

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	孙晓桐
	邵丽娜
	郎颖

关键词 ：妇幼保健, 卫生资源配置, 公平性, 均衡性

Abstract：Objective The study investigates the current situation, spatial distribution characteristics, and influencing factors of health resource allocation in maternal and child health care institutions in Ningxia from 2011 to 2019, aiming to provide a basis for rational and balanced allocation of health resources in these institutions in Ningxia. Methods Based on the 2012—2020 Ningxia Statistical Yearbooks and Ningxia Health Statistical Yearbooks, selected the number of beds and health technical personnel in maternal and child health care institutions in 2019 and 2020 in Ningxia. We used the health resource agglomeration index to evaluate the fairness of health resource allocation. We also used a weighted spatial accessibility model to calculate the spatial accessibility from residential areas to maternal and child health care institutions. Finally, spatial correlation analysis was used to explore the spatial agglomeration of health resources in these institutions and the influencing factors of their spatial distribution. Results The total amount of health resources and the health resources agglomeration degree (HRAD) of maternal and child resources in Ningxia showed an increasing trend, but the spatial allocation fairness varied significantly. The Xingqing District of Yinchuan City was the best, while Zhongning County and Haiyuan County of Zhongwei City were the worst. The spatial accessibility between various residential areas and maternal and child health institutions varied significantly (92.05-345.07), showing a trend of being higher in the north and lower in the south. In 2019, the main resource allocations in Ningxia's maternal and child health institutions were spatially autocorrelated. High agglomeration was found in Xingqing District and Xixia District of Yinchuan City, but no significant agglomeration in other areas. Influencing factors such as per capita GDP, total number of medical treatments, and actual beds were statistically significant, while other variables were not. Conclusion The total health resources of maternal and child health institutions in Ningxia are steadily increasing; there is significant spatial clustering in their health resource allocation, but the degree of spatial balance is low. This suggests that health administrative departments should consider location factors on the basis of fully considering regional population and economic factors to improve the fairness and rationality of health resource allocation in maternal and child health care institutions.

Key words： maternal and child health care health resource allocation equity balance

收稿日期: 2022-09-08

ZTFLH:

R17

基金资助:宁夏自然科学基金(2022AAC03210)

通讯作者: 郎颖(1072861385@qq.com)

引用本文:

孙晓桐, 邵丽娜, 郎颖. 宁夏妇幼保健机构卫生资源配置均衡性研究[J]. 中国生育健康杂志, 2023, 34(6): 532-538. SUN Xiaotong, SHAO Lina, LANG Ying. A study of health resource allocation in maternal and child health care institutions in Ningxia. Chinese Journal of Reproductive Health, 2023, 34(6): 532-538.

链接本文:

http://cjrh.bjmu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://cjrh.bjmu.edu.cn/CN/Y2023/V34/I6/532

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