目的 探索孕中期妇女体成分与妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)的关联。方法 采用病例对照研究,以2018年4月至2019年4月在北京市某妇幼保健院进行产检孕妇为研究对象,在妊娠 24~28 周进行口服糖耐量试验,以明确是否存在GDM,并使用人体成分分析仪测定孕妇体成分。最终获得124例诊断GDM的孕妇作为病例组,130例血糖正常孕妇作为对照组。利用独立样本t检验及Logistic回归分析探索孕中期GDM发生的可能相关因素。结果 病例组体脂肪百分比高于对照组(P<0.05),细胞内、外水分百分比及无机盐百分比低于对照组(P<0.05),体脂百分比为孕中期GDM发生的危险因素(OR=1.1,95％CI=1.1~1.2),其余体成分指标均为GDM发生的保护因素,分别为去脂体重百分比(OR=0.9,95%CI=0.8~0.9)、肌肉量百分比(OR=0.9,95%CI=0.8~0.9)、无机盐百分比(OR=0.2,95%CI=0.1~0.4)、蛋白质百分比(OR=0.5,95%CI=0.4~0.7)、细胞外水分百分比(OR=0.7,95%CI=0.6~0.8)、细胞内水分百分比(OR=0.8,95%CI=0.7~0.9)。结论 体脂百分比过高是孕中期GDM发生的危险因素,为体成分作为GDM干预指标提供一定理论依据,孕期应合理控制体重预防GDM发生。
Abstract
Objective To explore the relationship between body composition and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among women at second trimester. Methods This case-control study involved pregnant women who were examined in a Maternal and child health care hospital in Beijing from April 2018 to April 2019. A oral glucose tolerance test was conducted at 24-28 weeks of gestation to determine GDM or not. Meanwhile, the body composition of pregnant women was measured by body composition analyzer. Finally, 124 pregnant women diagnosed as GDM were selected into the case group and 130 pregnant women without GDM into the control group. Independent sample t-test and logistic regression analysis were used to explore the possible related factors of GDM in the second trimester. Results The percentage of body fat in the case group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05), and the percentage of intracellular and extracellular water and inorganic salt were lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The percentage of body fat was the risk factor of GDM in the second trimester of pregnancy(OR=1.1, 95% CI=1.1~1.2), while the percentages of fat free mass, muscle mass, inorganic, protein, extracellular water, intracellular water (OR=0.9, 95%CI=0.8~0.9; OR=0.9, 95%CI=0.8~0.9; OR=0.2, 95%CI=0.1~0.4; OR=0.5, 95%CI=0.4~0.7; OR=0.7, 95%CI=0.6~0.8; OR=0.8, 95%CI=0.7~0.9), were protective factors. Conclusion The high percentage of body fat is a risk factor of GDM in the second trimester of pregnancy, which provides a theoretical basis for body composition as an indicator of GDM intervention. During pregnancy, there is a need to reasonably control body weight and reduce excessive accumulation of body fat in order to prevent the occurrence of GDM.
关键词
孕妇 /
妊娠期糖尿病 /
体成分 /
体脂百分比
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Key words
pregnant women /
gestational diabetes mellitus /
body composition /
body fat percentage
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参考文献
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脚注
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基金
中国营养学会-振东国人体质与健康研究基金(CNS-ZD2020-163)
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