1 Castagnoli R,Votto M,Licari A,et al.Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) infectionin children and adolescents:a systematic review.JAMA Pediatr,2020,174:882-889. 2 Rodriguez-Morales AJ,Cardona-Ospina JA,Gutiérrez-Ocampo E,et al.Clinical,lab-oratory and imaging features of COVID-19:a systematic review and meta-analysis.Travel Med Infect Dis,2020,34:101623. 3 Ludvigsson JF.Systematic review of COVID-19 in children shows milder cases and a better prognosis than adults.Acta Paediatr,2020,109:1088-1095. 4 Dong Y,Mo X,Hu Y,et al.Epidemiology of COVID-19 among children in China.Pediatrics,2020,145:e20200702. 5 Lu X,Zhang L,Du H,et al.SARS-CoV-2 infection in children.N Engl J Med,2020,382:1663-1665. 6 Coronado Munoz A,Nawaratne U,McMann D,et al.Late-onset neonatal sepsis in a patient with covid-19.N Engl J Med,2020,382:e49. 7 Shekerdemian LS,Mahmood NR,Wolfe KK,et al.Characteristics and outcomes of children with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) infection admitted to US and canadian pediatric intensive care units.JAMA Pediatr,2020,174:868-873. 8 González-Dambrauskas S,Vásquez-Hoyos P,Camporesi A,et al.Pediatric critical care and COVID-19.Pediatrics,2020,146:e20201766. 9 Mamishi S,Movahedi Z,Mohammadi M,et al.Multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in 45 children:a first report from Iran.Epidemiol Infect,2020,148:e196. 10 Consiglio CR,Cotugno N,Sardh F,et al.The immunology of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children with COVID-19.Cell,2020,183:968-981. 11 Belot A,Antona D,Renolleau S,et al.SARS-CoV-2-related paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome,an epidemiological study,France,1 March to 17 May 2020.Euro Surveill,2020,25:2001010. 12 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Multisystem inflammatory syndrome,2020.https://www.cdc.gov/mis-c/hcp/(accessed July 16,2020). 13 World Health Organization..Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and adolescents with COVID-19.https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/multisystem-inflammatory-syndrome-in-children-and-adolescents-with-covid-19(accessed July 16,2020). 14 Blumfield E,Levin TL,Kurian J,et al.Imaging findings in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children(MIS-C) associated with COVID-19.AJR Am J Roentgenol,2020. 15 Capone CA,Subramony A,Sweberg T,et al.Characteristics,cardiac involvement,and outcomes of multisystem inflammatory syndrome of childhood associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Infection.J Pediatr,2020,224:141-145. 16 Dufort EM,Koumans EH,Chow EJ,et al.Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children in New York State.N Engl J Med,2020,383:347-358. 17 Feldstein LR,Rose EB,Horwitz SM,et al.Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in U.S.children and adolescents.N Engl J Med,2020,383:334-346. 18 Cheng MH,Zhang S,Porritt RA,et al.An insertion unique to SARS-CoV-2 exhibits superantigenic character strengthened by recent mutations.bioRxiv [Preprint],2020 May 21:2020.05.21.109272. 19 Blanco-Melo D,Nilsson-Payant BE,Liu WC,et al.Imbalanced host response to SARS-CoV-2 drives development of COVID-19.Cell,2020,181:1036-1045. 20 Mahmoudi S,Mehdizadeh M,Shervin Badv R,et al.The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) in children:a study in an Iranian Children's Referral Hospital.Infect Drug Resist,2020,13:2649-2655. 21 McCrindle BW,Manlhiot C.SARS-CoV-2-related inflammatory multisystem syndrome in children:different or shared etiology and pathophysiology as Kawasaki disease? JAMA,2020,324:246-248. 22 Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health.Guidance:paediatric multi-system inflammatory Syndrome temporally associated with COVID-19.Accessed May22,2020.https://www.rcpch.ac.uk/resources/guidance-paediatric-multisystem-inflammatory-syndrome-temporally-associated-covid-19. 23 World Health Organization.Multisysteminflammatorysyndrome in children and adolescentswithCOVID-19.PublishedMay15,2020.AccessedMay22,2020.https://www.who.int/publications-detail/multisystem-inflammatory-syndrome-in-children-and-adolescents-with-covid-19. 24 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Emergency preparedness and response:health alert network.Published May14,2020.Accessed May22,2020.https://emergency.cdc.gov/han/2020/han00432.asp. 25 Ahmed M,Advani S,Moreira A,et al.Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children:A systematic review.EClinicalMedicine,2020,26:100527. 26 Yeung RS,Ferguson PJ,Is multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children on the Kawasaki syndrome spectrum?J Clin Invest,2020,130:5681-5684. 27 Elias MD,McCrindle BW,Larios G,et al.Management of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with COVID-19:a survey from the international Kawasaki disease Registry.CJC Open,2020. 28 Riphagen S,Gomez X,Gonzalez-Martinez C,et al.Hyperinflammatory shock in children during COVID-19 pandemic.Lancet,2020,395:1607-1608. 29 Rowley AH.Understanding SARS-CoV-2-related multisystem inflam-matory syndrome in children.Nature Reviews.Nat Rev Immunol,2020,20:453-454. 30 Belhadjer Z,Méot M,Bajolle F,et al.Acute heart failure in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children in the context of global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.Circulation,2020,142:429-436. 31 Davies P,Evans C,Kanthimathinathan,HK,et al.Intensive care admissions of children with paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2(PIMS-TS) in the UK:a multicentre observational study.Lancet Child Adolesc Health,2020,4:669-677. 32 Godfred-Cato S,Bryant B,Leung J,et al.COVID-19-associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children-United States,March-July 2020.MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep,2020,69:1074-1080. 33 Viner RM,Whittaker E,et al.Kawasaki-like disease:emerging complication during the COVID-19.Lancet,2020,395:1741-1743. 34 New York City Department of Health,2020 health advisory:updated reporting requirements for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with COVID-19 2020[May 27,2020]. 35 Shah SK,Munoz AC.Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children in COVID-19 pandemic.Indian J Pediatr,2020,87:671-673. 36 Jones VG,Mills M,Suarez D,et al.COVID-19 and Kawasaki disease:novel virus and novel case.Hosp Pediatr,2020,10:537-540. 37 Whittaker E,Bamford A,Kenny J,et al.Clinical characteristics of 58 children with a pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2.JAMA,2020,324:259-269. 38 Verdoni L,Mazza A,Gervasoni A,et al.An outbreak of severe Kawasaki-like disease at the Italian epicentre of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic:an observational cohort study.Lancet,2020,395:1771-1778. 39 Gamez-Gonzalez LB,Moribe-Quintero I,Cisneros-Castolo M,et al.Kawasaki disease shock syndrome:Unique and severe subtype of Kawasaki disease.Pediatr Int,2018,60:781-90. 40 Ramcharan T,Nolan O,Lai CY,et al.Paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome:temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2(PIMS-TS):cardiac features,management and short-term outcomes at a UK tertiary paediatric hospital.Pediatr Cardiol,2020,41:1391-1401. 41 Kim YJ,Park H,Choi YY,et al.Defining association between COVID-19 and the multisystem inflammatory syndrome in childrenthrough the pandemic.J Korean Med Sci,2020,35:e204. 42 Diorio C,Henrickson SE,Vella LA,et al.Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and COVID-19 are distinct presentations of SARS-CoV-2.J Clin Invest,2020,130:5967-5975. 43 Lee PY,Day-Lewis M,Henderson LA,et al.Distinct clinical and immunological features of SARS-CoV-2-induced multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.J Clin Invest,2020,130:5942-5950. 44 Hennon TR,Penque MD,Abdul-Aziz R,et al.COVID-19 associated Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children(MIS-C) guidelines; a Western New York approach.Prog Pediatr Cardiol,2020:101232. 45 Pouletty M,Borocco C,Ouldali N,et al.Paediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 mimicking Kawasaki disease(Kawa-COVID-19):a multicentre cohort.Ann Rheum Dis,2020,79:999-1006. 46 Sibila O,Agustí C,Torres A.Corticosteroids in severe pneumonia.European Respiratory Journal,2008,32,259-264. 47 Kobayashi T,Saji T,Otani T,et al.Efficacy of immunoglobulin plus prednisolone for prevention of coronary artery abnormalities in severe Kawasaki disease(RAISE study):a randomised,open-label,blinded-endpoints trial.Lancet,2012,379:1613-1620. 48 Chen S,Dong Y,Kiuchi MG,et al.Coronary artery complication in Kawasaki disease and the importance of early intervention:a systematic review and meta-analysis.JAMA Pediatr,2016,170:1156-1163. 49 Horby P,Lim WS,Emberson J,et al.Dexamethasone in hospitalized patients with COVID-19—preliminary report.N Engl J Med,2020,published online July 17.https://doi.org/ 10.1056/NEJMoa2021436. 50 Jiang L,Tang K,Levin M,et al.COVID-19 and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and adolescents.Lancet Infect Dis,2020,20:e276-e288. 51 Levin M,Cunnington AJ,WilsonC,et al.Effects of saline or albumin fluid bolus in resuscitation:evidence from re-analysis of the FEAST trial.Lancet Respir Med,2019,7:581-593. 52 Grimaud M,Starck J,Levy M,et al.Acute myocarditis and multisystem inflammatory emerging disease following SARS-CoV-2 infection in critically ill children.Ann Intensive Care,2020,10:69. 53 Alhazzani W,Møller MH,Arabi YM,et al.Surviving sepsis campaign:guidelines on the management of critically ill adults with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Crit Care Med,2020,48:e440-69. 54 Jain MK,Sahu SK,Behera JR,et al.Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with COVID 19 treated with oral steroid.Indian J Pediatr,2020,87:671-673. 55 Cheung EW,Zachariah P,Gorelik M,et al.Multisystem inflammatory syndrome related to COVID-19 in previously healthy children and adolescents in New York City.JAMA,2020,324:294-296.