6月龄前不同喂养方式对0～12月龄婴儿身长影响的研究

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摘要目的探讨6月龄前不同喂养方式对监测地区0～12月龄婴儿身长的影响。方法采用2015年9月至2019年6月中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心开展的母婴健康动态追踪监测项目随访数据,该项目选取了南、北方地区共5个监测区县(河北省石家庄市正定县,辽宁省鞍山市立山区,福建省厦门市海沧区、集美区,湖南省岳阳市岳阳县),所监测区县符合条件的孕晚期孕妇及所生儿童作为监测对象,并追踪随访观察至儿童满3周岁,系统、动态收集孕妇及各阶段儿童体格健康信息以及养育情况和喂养情况等信息。本研究纳入上述项目中0～12月龄婴儿,将6月龄前婴儿喂养方式分为纯母乳喂养、人工喂养、混合喂养,并构建时间-婴儿两水平生长模型,调整婴儿特征(包括性别、辅食添加时间、出生身长),母亲及家庭特征(包括母亲身高、母亲文化程度、父亲身高、家庭年收入、监测地区),分析6月龄前不同喂养方式对监测地区0～12月龄婴儿身长的影响。结果婴儿身长测量值显示,出生、1、3、6月龄不同喂养方式婴儿身长水平相近(P＞0.05),8、12月龄人工喂养组婴儿身长则高于混合喂养组和纯母乳喂养组婴儿(P＜0.05)。模型分析结果显示,调整婴儿、母亲及家庭特征后,6月龄前不同喂养方式对0～12月龄婴儿身长的整体影响,差异具有统计学意义,且与时间存在交互作用(P＜0.05)。纯母乳喂养和混合喂养婴儿6个月前平均身长均高于人工喂养婴儿,之后随着婴儿月龄的增长,纯母乳喂养婴儿和混合喂养婴儿平均身长逐渐低于人工喂养婴儿,人工喂养婴儿平均身长分别于7、10月龄高于混合喂养和纯母乳喂养婴儿。结论 6月龄前不同喂养方式下0～12月龄婴儿身长生长模式不同,在婴儿生长早期,6月龄前坚持纯母乳喂养婴儿身长更长;而在婴儿生长后期(10～12月龄),6月龄前人工喂养婴儿身长更长。

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	张春莹
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	黄爱群

关键词 ：婴儿, 喂养方式, 身长, 多水平模型, 纵向研究

Abstract：Objective To investigate the effect of different feeding patterns during the first six months on length of infants.Methods Data used in this study were from the Maternal and Child Health Monitoring Project conducted by the National Center for Women and Children's Health of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention from September 2015 to June 2019. In the project, five districts in four provinces (Hebei, Liaoning, Fujian, and Hunan) were selected as monitoring sites. Pregnant women in their third trimester were recruited as participants, and their children were followed for 3 years. Data on infants, such as sociodemographic characteristics, feeding status, body weight and length were collected. We categorized feeding patterns during the first 6 months as exclusive breastfeeding, formula feeding and mixed feeding. Two-level (i.e., time and infant) growth model was used to analyze the effects of different feeding patterns during the first six months on length of infants aged 0-12 months in monitoring regions. Characteristics on infants (including gender, timing for introducing complementary foods, birth length, birth weight, and weighted sleep duration), mothers or other family members (including maternal height, maternal education, paternal height, annual family income, and monitoring regions) were adjusted for in the model.Results The measured length of infants aged 0, 1, 3, or 6 months was not significantly varied by different feeding patterns under 6 months (P>0.05). Length of the formula-fed infants aged 8 and 12 months was higher than that of breastfed or mixed-fed infants (P<0.05). After adjusting for confounders, the multilevel model showed that a significant association between feeding patterns during the first six months and length of infants. The model also showed a negative interaction between feeding patterns and infant age (P<0.05). The infants who were exclusively breastfed or mixed-fed before 6 months were higher than those who were formula-fed. However, the infants who were formula-fed gradually grew faster than those who were exclusively breastfed or mixed-fed, and surpassed them at the age of 7 or 10 months, respectively.Conclusion Infants' length development may be influenced by different feeding patterns under six months. Adhering to exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months is beneficial for length growth of infants in early infancy. Infants who were formula-fed were higher than those who were exclusively breastfed or mixed-fed in late infancy (i.e., 10-12 months).

Key words： infants feeding pattern length multilevel model longitudinal study

收稿日期: 2022-06-09

ZTFLH:

R17

通讯作者: 黄爱群(aqhuang@chinawch.org.cn)

引用本文:

张春莹, 赵薇, 潘晓平, 黄爱群. 6月龄前不同喂养方式对0～12月龄婴儿身长影响的研究[J]. 中国生育健康杂志, 2022, 33(6): 518-524. ZHANG Chunying, ZHAO Wei, PAN Xiaoping, HUANG Aiqun. Study on the effect of different feeding patterns during the first six months on the length of infants aged 0-12 months. Chinese Journal of Reproductive Health, 2022, 33(6): 518-524.

链接本文:

http://cjrh.bjmu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://cjrh.bjmu.edu.cn/CN/Y2022/V33/I6/518

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